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	<title>Waqf boards &#8211; Brown Pundits</title>
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	<item>
		<title>🗓️ One Year Ago Today: The Taj Mahal, Sacred Lands, and the Power of Timing</title>
		<link>https://www.brownpundits.com/2025/09/17/%f0%9f%97%93%ef%b8%8f-one-year-ago-today-the-taj-mahal-sacred-lands-and-the-power-of-timing/</link>
					<comments>https://www.brownpundits.com/2025/09/17/%f0%9f%97%93%ef%b8%8f-one-year-ago-today-the-taj-mahal-sacred-lands-and-the-power-of-timing/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[X.T.M]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 18:12:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Open Thread]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics and public life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Popular]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[X.T.M]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Aasia Bibi case]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bahá’í]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free speech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sacred geography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Waqf boards]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.brownpundits.com/?p=20433</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Open thread for 17 September 2025. X.T.M announces a pause on one commenter's participation over what he calls inconsistent standards on India, Pakistan and Israel, and revisits his 2024 post on the Taj Mahal and waqf boards as a Bahá’í "confirmation" of timing.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="p1"><strong>Friends,</strong></p>
<p class="p1">The spirit of Brown Pundits has always been dialogue — open, searching, and at times, fierce. But dialogue only flourishes when it is consistent and principled.</p>
<p class="p1">Recently, a contradiction has emerged in Kabir’s contributions: applying one set of standards to India and Pakistan, and a different set to Israel. This has led to repeated cycles of disruption, rather than genuine exchange.</p>
<p class="p1">To preserve the integrity of our space, Kabir’s participation will be paused until this inconsistency is clarified (<em>we will remove any of his comments that do not address and acknowledge the contradiction; we will also remove any replies to his comments</em>). This is not censorship, but stewardship. Free speech here is not about endless repetition; it is about coherence, accountability, and respect for the whole.</p>
<p class="p1"><strong>🕊️ On Confirmation, Coincidence, and the Return of Brown Pundits</strong></p>
<p class="p1">Exactly one year ago today, <span class="s1">17 September 2024,</span> I published a piece titled <a href="https://www.brownpundits.com/2024/09/17/the-battle-for-the-taj-mahal-indias-sacred-lands-waqf-boards-under-fire/"><i>“The Battle for the Taj Mahal: India’s Sacred Lands &amp; Waqf Boards Under Fire”</i></a>.</p>
<p class="p1">At the time, <span class="s1">Brown Pundits was stirring from hibernation</span>. Readership had dwindled to near-zero, the commentariat was dormant, and the site, once lively and interrogative in its heyday, felt like a forgotten archive. That post, like so many others before it, was written in solitude. There was no traction, no expectation. Just thought, laid down with care.</p>
<p class="p1">And yet <span class="s1">here we are</span>, one year to the day, and the blog has <a href="https://www.brownpundits.com/2025/09/14/📊-brown-pundits-hits-63094-visits-in-august-156-surge/"><span class="s1">roared back to life</span></a>.</p>
<hr />
<p><b>📿 What the Baháʼí Tradition Calls “Confirmation”</b></p>
<p class="p1">In the Baháʼí tradition, we don’t reduce these moments to mere coincidence. Instead, we speak of <a href="https://bahaiquotes.com/subject/confirmations"><span class="s1"><b>confirmation;</b></span></a> divine endorsement coupled with meaningful alignment. A subtle assurance that what was offered in silence may still echo in relevance.</p>
<p class="p1">Sometimes, truth takes time. It must be planted, and it must ripen. And then, if the conditions are right, it re-emerges at the very moment it’s needed again.</p>
<hr />
<p><b>🏛️ Revisiting the Taj &amp; the Sacredness of Land</b></p>
<p class="p1">That post, exploring <span class="s1">Waqf Boards, sacred lands</span>, and the <span class="s1">Taj Mahal’s place in India’s civilizational memory,</span> was written in a moment of saturation. Too many headlines, too little context. My intention wasn’t to settle the argument, but to recast it: <span class="s1">What makes land sacred? Who has the right to remember? Who gets to reclaim?<b></b></span></p>
<p class="p1">Reading it now, what’s striking is not just how <span class="s1">relevant</span> it remains, but how <span class="s1">the same debate</span> has reassembled; not just thematically, but almost <span class="s1">ritually</span>, with <a href="https://www.brownpundits.com/2025/09/17/threads-carpets-and-the-kabir-trap/#comment-118125">new voices</a> circling back in familiar orbits.</p>
<hr />
<p><b>🌀 Same Debate, Same Deflection</b></p>
<p class="p1">And so we arrive back, with uncanny symmetry, to <span class="s1">Kabir</span>. He&#8217;s long argued that nations must be judged by their <span class="s1">own internal frameworks</span>:<span id="more-20433"></span></p>
<p class="p1">India by its Nehruvian ideals, Pakistan by its Islamic identity. And yet, when it comes to <span class="s1">Israel</span>, the logic crumbles.vHe reject the term <span class="s1">“Israeli Arabs”</span> (a legal and domestic classification) and insist instead on <span class="s1">“Palestinian citizens of Israel,”</span> while simultaneously claiming they are <span class="s1">“oppressed”</span> despite full citizenship, political representation, and democratic protection under Israeli law.</p>
<p class="p1">He cites <a href="https://www.brownpundits.com/2025/09/15/%f0%9f%95%8c-the-honey-trap-of-the-ummah-reflections-on-kabir-afridi-and-the-compact-of-coexistence/#comment-118138"><span class="s1">Haneen Zoabi</span></a> as understandable evidence of systemic oppression. By the same token what happened to <span class="s1">Asia Bibi</span>, imprisoned for years under Pakistan’s <span class="s1">blasphemy law</span>, menaced by mobs, and left stateless within her own homeland is far far worse.</p>
<p class="p1">If one&#8217;s framework is:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>
<p class="p1">“India must be judged by its stated ideals,”</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="p1">“Pakistan (&amp; Iran) must be judged by its religious charter,”</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="p1">But “Israel must be judged by emotional grievance, not law” —</p>
</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p class="p1">Then we’re not engaged in <span class="s1">intellectual inquiry</span>. We’re navigating <span class="s1">selective outrage</span> posing as critique.</p>
<hr />
<p><b>🧭 Free Speech Requires Coherence</b></p>
<p class="p1">This isn’t about censorship;  it’s about <span class="s1">consistency</span>.</p>
<p class="p1">When contradictions like these go unresolved, one&#8217;s contributions begin to feel less like principled disagreement and more like <span class="s1">rhetorical sabotage</span>. We don’t need agreement, but we do need logic.</p>
<p class="p1">This discussion is about <span class="s1">Israel proper</span>, not the occupied territories. And his refusal to apply his own framework of “domestic constitutional judgment” is noted. He must clarify his position. Otherwise, I’ll have to consider a <span class="s1">moderation pause</span>.</p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Free speech</span>, after all, is a pillar of this space but not when it’s wielded to derail dialogue with bad-faith inconsistency.</p>
<hr />
<p><b>🌱 Final Thought</b></p>
<p class="p1">That this post — one year old to the day — has circled back into relevance feels like more than coincidence. It feels like confirmation. That truth, once written, waits. That arguments, once made, still matter. That <span class="s1"><b>Brown Pundits</b></span>, once dormant, still has a role to play.</p>
<p class="p1"><i>BRAHM <a href="https://brahm.beehiiv.com">Newsletter</a> | <a href="https://www.brahmcollection.com/blogs/stories">Stories</a> | <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/zackzavid/">LinkedIn</a> </i></p>
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		<title>The Battle for the Taj Mahal &#038; India’s Sacred Lands: Waqf Boards Under Fire</title>
		<link>https://www.brownpundits.com/2024/09/17/the-battle-for-the-taj-mahal-indias-sacred-lands-waqf-boards-under-fire/</link>
					<comments>https://www.brownpundits.com/2024/09/17/the-battle-for-the-taj-mahal-indias-sacred-lands-waqf-boards-under-fire/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[X.T.M]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 02:16:32 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Politics and public life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Religion and philosophy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[X.T.M]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Taj Mahal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2024]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Waqf boards]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.brownpundits.com/?p=18323</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[X.T.M explains India's waqf properties, about 900,000 holdings across 2.3 million acres, and the Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2024, which proposes around 40 changes including non-Muslim and women members on boards and a new registration process.]]></description>
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<p>Waqf properties, governed under Islamic law, make up the third-largest landholdings in India. Spanning nearly 900k properties &amp; 2.3mn acres—roughly the size of Delaware or Luxembourg—they include iconic sites like the Taj Mahal, Jama Masjid, and Charminar. Despite their cultural significance and prime urban locations, these properties have faced scrutiny for mismanagement, with their total value estimated at ₹1.2 lakh crore (<em>$14.5 billion</em>).</p>
<figure style="width: 1200px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" src="https://transform.nws.ai/https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.thenewsroom.io%2Fplatform%2Fstory_media%2F1288797882%2Fsylwia-bartyzel-eU4pipU_8HA-unsplash.jpg/w_1200,c_limit/" alt="Getting to know the Taj Mahal" width="1200" height="795" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Taj Mahal</figcaption></figure>
<p>Waqf refers to properties dedicated to religious or charitable purposes under Islamic law. Once designated as waqf, ownership is transferred irrevocably to Allah. There are 32 waqf boards in India, including two Shia boards, with about 200 individuals managing them. Once a property is declared waqf, it remains so indefinitely, leading to disputes such as claims on islands in Bet Dwarka, the Bengaluru Eidgah ground, and Kolkata&#8217;s Tollygunge Club. Some of these properties, like the Royal Calcutta Golf Club and ITC Windsor Hotel, have historical significance dating back to the Mughal era.</p>
<figure style="width: 300px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSfrHA0Q-NU5BT_Ra_j9B3FmivMnauIhs3gsg&amp;s" alt="History of Jama Masjid ,About Jama Masjid Delhi" width="300" height="168" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Jama Masjid</figcaption></figure>
<h4>The Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2024</h4>
<p>The Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2024, currently under review, proposes around 40 amendments to the existing Waqf Act of 1995. It seeks to overhaul how these properties are governed, introducing non-Muslims and Muslim women into Waqf board governance, updating the registration process, and shifting property dispute resolutions from Waqf tribunals to civil courts. The aim is to improve transparency and accountability across the nearly 1 million properties controlled by 32 Waqf boards.</p>
<figure style="width: 1200px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" src="https://static.toiimg.com/thumb/69144907.cms?resizemode=75&amp;width=1200&amp;height=900" alt="A portion of the beautiful Charminar breaks down | Times of India Travel" width="1200" height="899" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Charminar</figcaption></figure>
<h4>Historical Context</h4>
<p>Waqf properties trace back to the Delhi Sultanate and were formally regulated during the British era under the Mussalman Waqf Act of 1923. This act aimed to curb the misuse of Waqf properties, but even today, mismanagement, corruption, and encroachments plague these lands, prompting calls for reform. The 1995 Waqf Act, later amended in 2013, did little to prevent the ongoing inefficiencies, leading to the introduction of the Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2024.</p>
<figure style="width: 798px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://mojtourism.in/source/upload/destination/638316891277869354.png" alt="Beyt Dwarka Temple Tour Package | Book Now" width="798" height="477" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Bet Dwarka; islands off the Gulf of Kutch</figcaption></figure>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h4>Management &amp; Efficiency Challenges</h4>
<p>Waqf properties are often underutilized or poorly managed, with many not generating adequate income for their charitable purposes. The Waqf Management System of India (WAMSI) was introduced to digitize and oversee property management, but its success has been inconsistent. Encroachments are a significant issue, and Waqf boards have faced accusations of corruption and overreach, claiming properties outside their jurisdiction, such as the controversial case involving a 1,500-year-old Hindu temple in Tamil Nadu.</p>
<figure style="width: 1200px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://assets.thehansindia.com/h-upload/2022/06/08/1296783-hindu-organisations.webp" alt="Throw open Eidgah ground to national activities: Hindu organisations" width="1200" height="720" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Bengaluru Eidgah ground: Over 10 acres of land in city-centre were given to the Muslim community by the royal Wodeyar family of Mysuru several decades ago to be used as a burial ground, as well as for Eidgah.</figcaption></figure>
<p>On the other hand, Hindu temple lands, managed by state boards or independent trusts, face their own governance issues but benefit from more structured frameworks and community involvement. While they aren’t immune to mismanagement, the transparency and accountability mechanisms in place tend to be somewhat more robust.</p>
<h4>The Politics Behind the Reform</h4>
<p>The proposed Waqf reforms have sparked polarized responses from both Muslim and Hindu groups. Muslim organizations, like the All India Muslim Personal Law Board (AIMPLB), have mobilized large-scale campaigns against the bill, citing concerns over religious autonomy and the erosion of Islamic Sharia. Over 50 million emails have been sent to the Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC) opposing the amendments, reflecting the community’s strong resistance.</p>
<figure style="width: 302px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRtNcYNCbClAC33jV3kLWINKhhaFYjKOt9xfg&amp;s" alt="Heritage | Tollygunge Club" width="302" height="167" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">The <b>Tollygunge Club</b> (<a title="Bengali language" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_language">Bengali</a>: টালিগঞ্জ ক্লাব), popularly called <b>Tolly Club</b>, is a <a title="Country club" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country_club">country club</a> in India, located in <a title="Tollygunge" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tollygunge">Tollygunge</a> in south <a title="Kolkata" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolkata">Kolkata</a>.<br />Sir <a title="William Cruikshank (painter)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Cruikshank_(painter)">William Cruikshank</a> established the club as an equestrian sports facility in 1895 to &#8220;promote all manner of sports&#8221;. It is spread over 100 acres (400,000 m<sup>2</sup>), with a clubhouse that is over 200 years old.</figcaption></figure>
<p>Conversely, Hindu groups, including the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), argue that the reforms are necessary to curb Waqf boards&#8217; overreach and protect Hindu sites. High-profile disputes, such as the Waqf claim on the Tiruchendurai village temple, have intensified their support for the bill. Their motivations are driven by concerns over religious land governance and fears that Waqf boards may misuse their authority to claim properties beyond their rightful scope.</p>
<figure style="width: 1383px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://cdn.allsquaregolf.com/pictures/pictures/000/031/818/large/royal_calcutta_golf_club_cover_picture.jpg" alt="Royal Calcutta Golf Club | All Square Golf" width="1383" height="939" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Royal Calcutta Golf Club (RCGC) in Kolkata, India was established in 1829 and is the oldest golf club in India and the first outside Great Britain.[3][4][5]</figcaption></figure>
<h4>The Case for Reform</h4>
<p>Reforming the Waqf system is not just about improving the governance of Islamic endowments. The Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2024 has the potential to set a precedent for how religious properties—whether Waqf lands, Hindu temples, or Christian churches—are managed across India. Ensuring greater transparency and accountability could benefit all religious communities, creating a more equitable and efficient system for managing these valuable holdings.</p>
<figure style="width: 1440px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.itchotels.com/content/dam/itchotels/in/umbrella/itc/hotels/itcwindsor-bengaluru/images/overview-landing-page/headmast/desktop/poolside-facade.png" alt="5 Star Hotel in Bengaluru | Luxury Hotel Booking in Bengaluru - ITC Windsor Bengaluru" width="1440" height="600" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">The first hotel in the world to achieve LEED Zero Carbon certification, ITC Windsor epitomizes “Responsible Luxury”- environmentally conscious guest experiences without compromising luxury! Located in the heart of Bengaluru, the 42 year old ITC Windsor&#8217;s distinct architecture draws inspiration from English manor houses while exuding urban elegance combined with an old-world charm.</figcaption></figure>
<h4>Conclusion: Equal Accountability for All</h4>
<p>The debate over the Waqf (Amendment) Bill goes beyond religious lines. It raises the crucial question of whether India, as a secular state, should hold all religious institutions to the same standards of governance and transparency. By reforming the Waqf system, the government could pave the way for greater accountability across all religious endowments, ensuring that these vast holdings serve their intended charitable and religious purposes while benefiting the broader community.</p>
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		<title>Economic Modernization in Late British India: Hindu-Muslim Differences</title>
		<link>https://www.brownpundits.com/2018/05/29/economic-modernization-in-late-british-india-hindu-muslim-differences/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[X.T.M]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 May 2018 00:55:15 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Colonial era]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economy and development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[X.T.M]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[british raj]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hindu joint family]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indian Muslims]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Inheritance law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Waqf boards]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.brownpundits.com/?p=5369</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[X.T.M relays a paper asking why India's Muslims are poorer than Hindus, reading it as tracing the gap to Muslim inheritance law and the illiquid waqf, against the Hindu joint family's ease in pooling capital in joint-stock companies, with long excerpts.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>I. <a href="https://sites.duke.edu/timurkuran/files/2016/10/kuran-singh-edcc-2013.original.pdf">The Question of Why India’s Muslims Are Poorer than Its Hindus India’s Muslim minority</a>—as of the early twenty-first century, around 12% of its ethnically and religiously diverse population—lags behind the country’s Hindu majority economically. The average household income for Muslims is 76.6%, and per capita income 72.4%, of the corresponding figure for Hindus. In rural areas, the typical Muslim-owned farm is only 41.1% as large as the typical Hindu-owned farm. Muslims have relatively lower labor participation rates and higher unemployment rates in both cities and the countryside ðShariff and Azam 2004, vii; figs. 12, 15, 16, 18; tables 6, 7Þ. The 2011 Forbes list of the 100 richest Indians includes just three Muslims.1 The underperformance of Muslims is particularly striking in the management of its private companies. Shortly after India gained independence from Britain in 1947, only one of India’s 80 largest publicly traded companies had a Muslim at its helm ðGovernment of India 1955Þ. A half century later, in 1997, just one of India’s 50 largest business groups was headed by a Muslim ðTripathi and Mehta 1990, 340–42Þ. 2 In describing the economic performance of Muslims in independent India, Omar Khalidi ð2006, 88Þ infers from such statistics that Muslims “lack the ability to organize and plan enterprises on modern lines.”</em></p>
<p>My reading of the paper is that Muslim inheritance law (<em>which divides the estates more or less equally</em>) prevented capital accumulation to the same extent as Hindu family law. Essentially the Hindu joint family concept was very similar (<em>structurally</em>) to the joint-stock corporation; allowing mercantile Hindu families (<em>especially in Western India</em>) to rapidly accumulate capital and also move on to professional management sectors (<em>as Sereno mentions in the <a href="https://www.brownpundits.com/2018/05/28/english-lit-and-science-70s-sri-lanka/">previous post</a>; privilege encompasses both financial, educational and social capital</em>).</p>
<p>Furthermore Islam&#8217;s prohibition on credit made the waqf&#8217;s (<em>essentially Islamic family trusts</em>) less liquid and unable to allow Muslim families to fully take advantage of the assets that they controlled.</p>
<p>After the jump I&#8217;ve excerpted two paragraphs from the paper that touch on both the above points.</p>
<p>The four non-conforming Muslim castes (<em>Khojas, Memons, Bohras and Ghiarasis &#8211; the last I had never heard of</em>) were the only ones who maintained their pre-conversion Hindu family practises (<em>Dina Wadia argued that the Quaid&#8217;s family estate should be divided as per Hindu law owing to his Khoja origins</em>).</p>
<p><span id="more-5369"></span></p>
<p><em>As for Hindus accustomed to the joint-family enterprise, the joint-stock company offered opportunities to pool resources across family lines. It thus enabled them to enter sectors exhibiting substantial economies of scale and scope. Through the joint-family enterprise, Hindus could already invest for the long term without locking resources into a particular sector. However, the scale of their operations was no longer limited by their own family’s resources. A complementary advantage of shifting resources to joint-stock companies was access to the professional management of a managing agency. </em></p>
<p><em>One might wonder why the waqf was not used to finance industrial enterprises. First of all, the waqf was not conducive to supplying the liquid capital needs of such enterprises. The rules, as widely understood, required the waqf endowment to consist exclusively of real estate. Second, the capital of a waqf was not sufficiently fungible. If a waqf ’s capital consisted of five stores, by tradition those stores could be swapped for similar stores with the permission of a judge; converting the stores into a factory would have required legal reinterpretations. For both these reasons, as the British exodus opened up new opportunities, preexisting Indian waqfs could not be adapted to new needs.</em></p>
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		<title>Post Modernism in India</title>
		<link>https://www.brownpundits.com/2018/05/13/post-modernism-in-india/</link>
					<comments>https://www.brownpundits.com/2018/05/13/post-modernism-in-india/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[AnAn]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 13 May 2018 21:56:10 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Archived Authors]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics and public life]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Bharatiya Janata Party]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.brownpundits.com/?p=5205</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A reader, froginthewell, answers why the BJP does little about alleged discrimination against Hindus, pointing to minority-affairs funding, namaz spaces and textbooks, and argues that politicians balance interest groups and Modi has no real ideology.]]></description>
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<div class="comment-author vcard"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="avatar avatar-42 photo" src="http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/ed9b2fb4ec599ad98f6c47415c88631b?s=42&amp;d=mm&amp;r=g" alt="" width="42" height="42" /><b class="fn">froginthewell</b><span class="says">says:</span></div>
<div class="comment-metadata"><a href="https://www.brownpundits.com/2018/05/11/india-as-the-hydra-against-islam/#comment-10540">May 13, 2018 at 9:29 am</a></div>
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<blockquote><p>I don’t want to write a post, but your question is a good one, and let me try to express my thoughts about it here. Before that, I am thankful to you (and Zack) for respectfully engaging my bizzare theories: typically Indian liberals refuse to engage fringe ideas like this, and simply brand these views as not worth considering. That you don’t do so says something about your innate goodness and generosity.</p>
<p>Now as to why the BJP does not do anything about what I claim to be discrimination against Hindus. It is a very good question. For instance, why does a party which supposedly only has to pander to Hindus <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/62-increase-in-funding-for-minority-affairs-in-union-budget/articleshow/62742314.cms" rel="nofollow">increase</a> minority affairs funding by 62%, or start <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/education/upsc-civil-services-free-coaching-to-muslim-aspirants-from-next-year-5166599/" rel="nofollow">free coaching</a> for Muslim aspirants of Union Public Services Commission? Why did the BJP Government of the state of Haryana <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/gurgaon-13-spaces-identified-for-namaz-5172108/" rel="nofollow">decide</a> to allocate 13 public spaces for Namaz, instead of asking the rich Wakf board to either allocate space itself or pay up for the purpose? Why is it that the central Government’s official textbook make <a href="https://twitter.com/AbhinavAgarwal/status/995299714332409857" rel="nofollow">named criticisms</a> of exactly one religion, namely Hinduism (the textbook was introduced by Congress, it is written by heavily anti-BJP people, but why is the Government continuing it)? It looks quite bizzare, when you consider that so few Muslims vote for BJP.</p></blockquote>
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<blockquote><p><span style="color: #686868;font-size: 19px;font-style: italic">In democracies, voting patterns and their consequences are quite complicated, because parties are not single-interest groups; they are umbrella coalitions of various interest groups, sometimes conflicting with each other, and moreover one gets exactly one vote to express one’s opinion on a whole range of issues from religion to infrastructure development to education. Being a politician is all about monkey-balancing between these interest groups. This is why I don’t call the ideology of, say Modi, as either nectarine or poisonous: simply put, he (or other politicians) has no ideology, and his focus is how to do actions with </span><i style="color: #686868;font-size: 19px">high marginal value</i><span style="color: #686868;font-size: 19px;font-style: italic"> for the purpose of his votes. If you are strongly committed to an ideology or principle, you cannot become a politician. (In particular, I am not a fan of Modi: of course he is an unprincipled charlatan like anyone else).</span></p></blockquote>
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<blockquote><p>Now let us come to the specific case at hand: the division into card-carrying Hindus and secular Hindus I wrote above was a gross oversimplification, for the sake of ease/clarity in presenting my point. Let us specifically look at what an exit poll says about Karnataka vote shares: <a href="https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DdDJUsHUQAAG5Fx.jpg" rel="nofollow">https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DdDJUsHUQAAG5Fx.jpg</a> – as you can see, voting patterns very strongly depend on the caste.</p>
<p>So votes are not divided just along Hindu-Muslim lines, but along many other lines, very prominently along caste lines. Some of this has to do with the presence of people from specific castes inside a political party, some to do with politics of reservation, and some to do with blatant partisanism (e.g., when Akhilesh Yadav Samajwadi Party was ruling Uttar Pradesh, it seems to have been understood that a disproportionate number of appointments in various government services such as the police would be from the Yadav community); and once in a while one hears complaints like <a href="http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/jammu-kashmir/junior-assistant-posts-govt-faces-flak-over-injustice-with-jammu-ladakh/509234.html" rel="nofollow">this</a> that there are favoritism towards Kashmir and against Jammu/Ladakh in appointments in Jammu and Kashmir.</p>
<p>Card-carrying Hindus like me are spread across castes (which are not represented proportionally, unfortunately so if you ask me). They are part of what may be called the <i>base</i>of BJP. My best guess would be that they are quite a minority, but not statistically insignificant demographically. However, electorally they are even less significant than their demographic share, because they mostly don’t have anyone but BJP to vote for.</p>
<p>Something similar happened with the Republican establishment taking the Republican base for granted, and the resulting resentment among the Republican base was exploited by Trump with his provocative comments to basically upend the establishment and get himself to be the candidate. This hasn’t happened with the BJP yet.</p>
<p>So a politician from the BJP would have his/her eyes on <i>marginal values</i> of votes. Do you get to increase your voteshare by pleasing people who are anyway constrained to not vote for others, or people may possibly swing to your side with freebies? These involve complicated calculations/risky speculations; politics is a very difficult job that needs a lot of talent and luck.</p>
<p>Even these are only the factors related to the political process. There are actions of the judiciary etc. that the Government cannot do much about. Consider the Rohingyas settled in Jammu (not in Kashmir as <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/inpictures/2014/12/rohingya-refugees-find-safe-h-20141223163741968194.html" rel="nofollow">Al Jazeera</a> claims: the Kashmiri separatists insisted on settling the Rohingyas in Jammu but not in their state). The BJP Government actually pushed to deport them, only to be stayed by the Supreme court (remember Trump’s travel ban overturned by US courts?) It was the Supreme Court which invited itself into the battle over Diwali and banned fire cracker sale in Delhi just a few days before the 2017 Diwali, pushing a lot of cracker making families into poverty. It was the Supreme court which banned Jallikkattu.</p>
<p>More importantly, it was the Supreme Court (and not the Congress Government which brought it) which made the Right to Education act in India discriminatory, exempting minority-run educational institutions from it.</p>
<p>More generally, I am every democracy has “checks and balances” to ensure that democracy doesn’t go too far, and often the clever way of getting what you wish is not through the democratic process but by tweaking these checks and balances: as a tweet I saw from Razib’s twitter put it:</p>
<h5>Epistocratic voting is for noobs, a real class warrior for the new class knows we rule most effectively through the administrative state, judicial activism, and simply narrowing the scope of conceivable policies <a href="https://t.co/5teaJ4TVzl" rel="nofollow">https://t.co/5teaJ4TVzl</a>— Rogue Works Progress Administration (@GabrielRossman) <a href="https://twitter.com/GabrielRossman/status/995124053953282048?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw" rel="nofollow">May 12, 2018</a></h5>
<p>So there you go. You will certainly have a lot to disagree with many of my points above, but for good or for worse, this is a summary of my view on why things are the way they are in India.</p></blockquote>
<p>froginthewell, if want me to delete this post I will. I wanted to write an article very similar to this and you channeled many of my thoughts, albeit better expressed.</p>
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<p>Almost all of India&#8217;s academia, Indian Administrative Service (IAS), IFS (Indian Foreign Service), Indian Railways, Indian Police Service (IPS), Bollywood, and Indian cultural elite are dominated by post modernist philosophy. Most know little to nothing about eastern philosophy; and the majority of what they think they know is a misunderstanding. A majority have a subtle contempt for eastern philosophy and spirituality; but it is not based on studying eastern philosophy or their personal spiritual practice. This is also true for many of the elites in the BJP and Hindutva.</p>
<p>The influence of post modernism has grown greatly in the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. To better understand how, please see:</p>
<p><iframe loading="lazy" title="Decolonizing the Indian Civil Services: Rajiv Malhotra" width="500" height="281" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0RYS6V76lRQ?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p>I remember believing this when I was 11 years old. It took me many years to find others who thought as I did. Now I understand that very few nominal Hindus (Buddhists and Sikhs included) have extensively studied and deeply ruminated over their own philosophy and practice; which makes expressing this perspective more challenging.</p>
<p>I have always found India and the US to be remarkably similar; albeit their similarity is expressed through different accents, words and symbols. This is why the intellectual response to <a href="https://www.brownpundits.com/tag/postmarxism/">post modernism</a> needs to be global to work. Some refer to this response as the &#8220;intellectual dark web.&#8221; Hope to see many articles at BP on this soon.</p>
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