Indus Valley
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Cholistan: The Desert at the Edge of Everything
X.T.M portrays Cholistan as a seam rather than a border region: Gulf royalty hunt there, Seraiki is its language, and the dry Hakra river runs through its past. The post…
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Pakistan’s Ghost in the Indus
Recounting a shop encounter in Cambridge with a father and son who first said they were Indians, then Gujarati Sindhis, the author reflects on his intuition for ‘people of the…
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Jab We Met: Encounters between Islam and Hinduism in Early-Medieval Punjab
Prompted by a bilingual Ghaznavid dirham in his collection, the author argues that Pakistanis forget the layers of history beneath them and examines the first extended encounters between Islam and…
