Indian Muslims
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How Pakistan Became South Asia’s Reference Muslims
X.T.M argues that Partition cut one Muslim political world into three, and that Pakistan, having taken Urdu, now supplies the default picture of a South Asian Muslim. He calls this…
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3 Graphs of Karnataka
X.T.M observes from three graphs of Karnataka that many South Indian Muslims seem to be “Urdufying”, and wonders whether East Bengal might have followed a linguistic path to Urdu and…
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The Lutyens Brahmin & the Indian Muslim
X.T.M borrows the Boston Brahmin to describe India’s apex elite, admitted by assimilation, presentation and marriage, and asks whether the new Hindu order’s explicit loyalty tests for Indian Muslims expose…
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The Self-Confident Hindu
X.T.M asks whether a self-confident Hindu majority is a bad thing, arguing that India is a source rather than an appropriator of culture and that a confident majority held to…
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The Long Dark Night for India’s Muslims
X.T.M reads a Bengal order on Vande Mataram in madrasas as a symptom of India’s Muslims being absorbed into a Hindu-Persianate mainstream. It argues Pakistan and upper-caste liberalism accelerated this,…
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Pakistanis = Indian Muslims With Sovereignty?
X.T.M argues that Pakistanis are in effect Indian Muslims who gained sovereignty, and asks what it cost. The post says Partition gave sovereignty to two-thirds of the pre-1947 Muslim population,…
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The Inward Turn: Muslim Politics in the Indian Subcontinent from the Fall of the Mughals to the Present
Omar Ali reposts, with permission, vidurascounsel’s Substack essay of 13 April 2026 on the inward turn in Muslim politics in the subcontinent. It traces the arc from Mughal decline through…
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Musings on & Answers to “The Partition of Elites: India, Pakistan, and the Unfinished Trauma of 1947” (Part 3)
Arkacandra Jayasimha, in part three of a response to X.T.M’s Partition essay, argues India’s post-independence settlement was half-hearted on integration, letting Muslim power centres persist while dividing Hindus, and draws…
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Musings on & Answers to “The Partition of Elites: India, Pakistan, and the Unfinished Trauma of 1947” (Part 2)
Arkacandra Jayasimha, in part two of a response to X.T.M’s Partition essay, examines the thesis that the Muslim League won and most Muslims stayed, using Deleuze and Guattari to frame…
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Who can speak for the “Muslim minority” of India?
X.T.M argues Indian Muslims cannot be compared with Jains, Sikhs or Buddhists, since they were once the civilisational elite of North India, and that listing successful individuals does not show…
