Symbols are very important, often they help define a nation. The students make a convincing case that the
Taj is “Pakistani,” they make an even more convincing case that studying history is important.
Yet, in a class of undergraduate students at one of Pakistanās best
universities, precisely this question was animatedly debated during a session
on Pakistanās history, with some students stating that the Taj was part of
Pakistanās history, and others implying that it was āPakistaniā. These students had all taken a course
in Pakistan Studies prior to starting their undergraduate degree…
Pakistani history has been a contentious topic where different sets of
narratives give differing accounts of what Pakistani history is and, hence, how
one imagines Pakistan. Given the eventual partition of British India and the
creation of Pakistan, some historians have claimed that Pakistan was ācreatedā
in 712 AD when an Arab invader came to what is now part of Pakistan.
Hence, if the history of Pakistan is the history of Muslims in India, and
just as Mohammad bin Qasim can become part of a certain legacy and heritage and
can be caricatured as the āfirst Pakistaniā, so too can the Taj as ābeingā
Pakistani. Pakistani history and a history of Pakistanās people and their land,
become two conflicting narratives.
As a consequence, āPakistaniā history, ignores the history of the people who
live in what was Pakistan (West and East) and what is left of it. Mohenjodaro,
Harappa, and the history of the people
of Pakistan is dominated by a north Indian (largely Hindustani) Muslim history,
and that too only of kings and their courts.
In the most ingenious and creative recent book to be published on Pakistanās
emergence as a political idea, historian Faisal
Devji in his Muslim Zion raises
some fascinating and sophisticated arguments which complicate any simplistic
notion of what passes as Pakistani history.
His book is a highly nuanced and multilayered understanding of the ideas
which led to the justification and creation of Pakistan, and while many of
Devjiās conceptualisations need to be contested, for our purposes his statement that Pakistanās history lies
outside its borders, gives rise to some of the problems of imagining a history
of Pakistan described here, and allows some to claim the Taj Mahal as
āPakistaniā.
Moreover, if this claim that Pakistanās history lies āoutside its bordersā
is valid, and indeed in many critical ways this is certainly the case, it also
implies, that the country which came into being called Pakistan, in this
hegemonic notion of history, really has no history of its own. The so-called
āfreedom movementā was fought in a foreign land, the land of the Taj Mahal, not
the land of the people who inherited a country called Pakistan where their
ancestors had lived for millennia.
regards