South Asiaβs demography is one of the great untold stories of the modern world. Too often we look at the subcontinent through todayβs partitions β India, Pakistan, Bangladesh β but the real insight comes when we view the region as a single whole. Across 125 years, the balance of populations has shifted dramatically.
π 1900: A Baseline
At the turn of the twentieth century, Muslims made up about 20% of undivided Indiaβs population. The rest were overwhelmingly Hindu, with significant Sikh, Christian, Jain, and other minorities.
π 1950: Partition and Realignment Continue reading The Changing Demographics of Undivided India (1900β2025)